Many young children cannot produce the sample (sputum) required for the existing test for pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). Consequently, diagnosis is often based on clinical signs, symptoms, and history of TB contact. This situation has led to some children dying from undiagnosed TB or being treated wrongly for TB. Of the estimated 230,000 children who died of TB in 2018, 80% were less than 5 years and 96% of deaths occurred before treatment started. It has also been established that when treatment is started early due to early diagnosis, success rate is over 90%.  Our study aims to determine the usefulness of blood/urine- based tests and cytokine biomarkers in improving the diagnosis of TB in children and the risk factors for childhood TB in Ghana.